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diff --git a/po/eo/LC_MESSAGES/_articles/2018-08-01-verifying-npm-ci-reproducibility.po b/po/eo/LC_MESSAGES/_articles/2018-08-01-verifying-npm-ci-reproducibility.po deleted file mode 100644 index a4af1a6..0000000 --- a/po/eo/LC_MESSAGES/_articles/2018-08-01-verifying-npm-ci-reproducibility.po +++ /dev/null @@ -1,216 +0,0 @@ -# -msgid "" -msgstr "" - -msgid "" -"title: Verifying \"npm ci\" reproducibility\n" -"date: 2018-08-01\n" -"layout: post\n" -"lang: en\n" -"ref: verifying-npm-ci-reproducibility\n" -"updated_at: 2019-05-22" -msgstr "" - -msgid "" -"When [npm@5](https://blog.npmjs.org/post/161081169345/v500) came bringing " -"[package-locks](https://docs.npmjs.com/files/package-locks) with it, I was " -"confused about the benefits it provided, since running `npm install` more " -"than once could resolve all the dependencies again and yield yet another " -"fresh `package-lock.json` file. The message saying \"you should add this " -"file to version control\" left me hesitant on what to do[^package-lock-" -"message](The)." -msgstr "" - -msgid "" -"However the [addition of `npm " -"ci`](https://blog.npmjs.org/post/171556855892/introducing-npm-ci-for-faster-" -"more-reliable) filled this gap: it's a stricter variation of `npm install` " -"which guarantees that \"[subsequent installs are able to generate identical " -"trees](https://docs.npmjs.com/files/package-lock.json)\". But are they " -"really identical? I could see that I didn't have the same problems of " -"different installation outputs, but I didn't know for **sure** if it was " -"really identical." -msgstr "" - -msgid "Computing the hash of a directory's content" -msgstr "" - -msgid "" -"I quickly searched for a way to check for the hash signature of an entire " -"directory tree, but I couldn't find one. I've made a poor man's [Merkle " -"tree](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkle_tree) implementation using " -"`sha256sum` and a few piped commands at the terminal:" -msgstr "" - -msgid "Going through it line by line:" -msgstr "" - -msgid "#1 we define a Bash function called `merkle-tree`;" -msgstr "" - -msgid "" -"#2 it accepts a single argument: the directory to compute the merkle tree " -"from. If nothing is given, it runs on the current directory (`.`);" -msgstr "" - -msgid "" -"#3 we go to the directory, so we don't get different prefixes in `find`'s " -"output (like `../a/b`);" -msgstr "" - -msgid "" -"#4 we get all files from the directory tree. Since we're using `sha256sum` " -"to compute the hash of the file contents, we need to filter out folders from" -" it;" -msgstr "" - -msgid "" -"#5 we need to sort the output, since different file systems and `find` " -"implementations may return files in different orders;" -msgstr "" - -msgid "" -"#6 we use `xargs` to compute the hash of each file individually through " -"`sha256sum`. Since a file may contain spaces we need to escape it with " -"quotes;" -msgstr "" - -msgid "" -"#7 we compute the hash of the combined hashes. Since `sha256sum` output is " -"formatted like `<hash> <filename>`, it produces a different final hash if a " -"file ever changes name without changing it's content;" -msgstr "" - -msgid "" -"#8 we get the final hash output, excluding the `<filename>` (which is `-` in" -" this case, aka `stdin`)." -msgstr "" - -msgid "Positive points:" -msgstr "" - -msgid "" -"ignore timestamp: running more than once on different installation yields " -"the same hash;" -msgstr "" - -msgid "the name of the file is included in the final hash computation." -msgstr "" - -msgid "Limitations:" -msgstr "" - -msgid "it ignores empty folders from the hash computation;" -msgstr "" - -msgid "" -"the implementation's only goal is to represent using a digest whether the " -"content of a given directory is the same or not. Leaf presence checking is " -"obviously missing from it." -msgstr "" - -msgid "Testing locally with sample data" -msgstr "" - -msgid "It seems to work for this simple test case." -msgstr "" - -msgid "You can try copying and pasting it to verify the hash signatures." -msgstr "" - -msgid "Using `merkle-tree` to check the output of `npm ci`" -msgstr "" - -msgid "*I've done all of the following using Node.js v8.11.3 and npm@6.1.0.*" -msgstr "" - -msgid "" -"In this test case I'll take the main repo of " -"[Lerna](https://lernajs.io/)[^lerna-package-lock]:" -msgstr "" - -msgid "Good job `npm ci` :)" -msgstr "" - -msgid "" -"#6 and #9 take some time to run (21 seconds in my machine), but this " -"specific use case isn't performance sensitive. The slowest step is computing" -" the hash of each individual file." -msgstr "" - -msgid "Conclusion" -msgstr "" - -msgid "`npm ci` really \"generates identical trees\"." -msgstr "" - -msgid "" -"I'm not aware of any other existing solution for verifying the hash " -"signature of a directory. If you know any I'd [like to know](mailto:{{ " -"site.author.email }})." -msgstr "" - -msgid "*Edit*" -msgstr "" - -msgid "" -"[documentation](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/install#description) claims `npm " -"install` is driven by the existing `package-lock.json`, but that's actually " -"[a little bit " -"tricky](https://github.com/npm/npm/issues/17979#issuecomment-332701215)." -msgstr "" - -msgid "" -"[^lerna-package-lock]: Finding a big known repo that actually committed the " -"`package-lock.json` file was harder than I expected." -msgstr "" - -msgid "" -"merkle-tree () {\n" -" dirname=\"${1-.}\"\n" -" pushd \"$dirname\"\n" -" find . -type f | \\\n" -" sort | \\\n" -" xargs -I{} sha256sum \"{}\" | \\\n" -" sha256sum | \\\n" -" awk '{print $1}'\n" -" popd\n" -"}\n" -msgstr "" - -msgid "" -"mkdir /tmp/merkle-tree-test/\n" -"cd /tmp/merkle-tree-test/\n" -"mkdir -p a/b/ a/c/ d/\n" -"echo \"one\" > a/b/one.txt\n" -"echo \"two\" > a/c/two.txt\n" -"echo \"three\" > d/three.txt\n" -"merkle-tree . # output is be343bb01fe00aeb8fef14a3e16b1c3d1dccbf86d7e41b4753e6ccb7dc3a57c3\n" -"merkle-tree . # output still is be343bb01fe00aeb8fef14a3e16b1c3d1dccbf86d7e41b4753e6ccb7dc3a57c3\n" -"echo \"four\" > d/four.txt\n" -"merkle-tree . # output is now b5464b958969ed81815641ace96b33f7fd52c20db71a7fccc45a36b3a2ae4d4c\n" -"rm d/four.txt\n" -"merkle-tree . # output back to be343bb01fe00aeb8fef14a3e16b1c3d1dccbf86d7e41b4753e6ccb7dc3a57c3\n" -"echo \"hidden-five\" > a/b/one.txt\n" -"merkle-tree . # output changed 471fae0d074947e4955e9ac53e95b56e4bc08d263d89d82003fb58a0ffba66f5\n" -msgstr "" - -msgid "" -"cd /tmp/\n" -"git clone https://github.com/lerna/lerna.git\n" -"cd lerna/\n" -"git checkout 57ff865c0839df75dbe1974971d7310f235e1109\n" -"npm ci\n" -"merkle-tree node_modules/ # outputs 11e218c4ac32fac8a9607a8da644fe870a25c99821167d21b607af45699afafa\n" -"rm -rf node_modules/\n" -"npm ci\n" -"merkle-tree node_modules/ # outputs 11e218c4ac32fac8a9607a8da644fe870a25c99821167d21b607af45699afafa\n" -"npm ci # test if it also works with an existing node_modules/ folder\n" -"merkle-tree node_modules/ # outputs 11e218c4ac32fac8a9607a8da644fe870a25c99821167d21b607af45699afafa\n" -msgstr "" - -msgid "2019-05-22: Fix spelling." -msgstr "" - -#~ msgid "2019/05/22: Fix spelling." -#~ msgstr "" |