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author | EuAndreh <eu@euandre.org> | 2025-04-18 02:17:12 -0300 |
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committer | EuAndreh <eu@euandre.org> | 2025-04-18 02:48:42 -0300 |
commit | 020c1e77489b772f854bb3288b9c8d2818a6bf9d (patch) | |
tree | 142aec725a52162a446ea7d947cb4347c9d573c9 /src/content/tils/2021 | |
parent | Makefile: Remove security.txt.gz (diff) | |
download | euandre.org-020c1e77489b772f854bb3288b9c8d2818a6bf9d.tar.gz euandre.org-020c1e77489b772f854bb3288b9c8d2818a6bf9d.tar.xz |
git mv src/content/* src/content/en/
Diffstat (limited to 'src/content/tils/2021')
-rw-r--r-- | src/content/tils/2021/01/12/curl-awk-emails.adoc | 148 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | src/content/tils/2021/01/17/posix-shebang.adoc | 58 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | src/content/tils/2021/04/24/cl-generic-precedence.adoc | 149 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | src/content/tils/2021/04/24/clojure-autocurry.adoc | 135 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | src/content/tils/2021/04/24/scm-nif.adoc | 61 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | src/content/tils/2021/07/23/git-tls-gpg.adoc | 45 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | src/content/tils/2021/08/11/js-bigint-reviver.adoc | 89 |
7 files changed, 0 insertions, 685 deletions
diff --git a/src/content/tils/2021/01/12/curl-awk-emails.adoc b/src/content/tils/2021/01/12/curl-awk-emails.adoc deleted file mode 100644 index d432da2..0000000 --- a/src/content/tils/2021/01/12/curl-awk-emails.adoc +++ /dev/null @@ -1,148 +0,0 @@ -= Awk snippet: send email to multiple recipients with cURL - -:neomutt: https://neomutt.org/ -:found-out-article: https://blog.edmdesigner.com/send-email-from-linux-command-line/ -:curl: https://curl.se/ - -As I experiment with {neomutt}[Neomutt], I wanted to keep being able to enqueue -emails for sending later like my previous setup, so that I didn't rely on having -an internet connection. - -My requirements for the `sendmail` command were: - -. store the email in a file, and send it later; -. send from different addresses, using different SMTP servers. - -I couldn't find an MTA that could accomplish that, but I was able to quickly -write a solution. - -The first part was the easiest: store the email in a file: - -[source,sh] ----- -# ~/.config/mutt/muttrc: -set sendmail=~/bin/enqueue-email.sh - -# ~/bin/enqueue-email.sh: -#!/bin/sh -eu - -cat - > "$HOME/mbsync/my-queued-emails/$(date -Is)" ----- - -Now that I had the email file store locally, I needed a program to send the -email from the file, so that I could create a cronjob like: - -[source,sh] ----- -for f in ~/mbsync/my-queued-emails/*; do - ~/bin/dispatch-email.sh "$f" && rm "$f" -done ----- - -The `dispatch-email.sh` would have to look at the `From:` header and decide -which SMTP server to use. As I {found-out-article}[found out] that {curl}[curl] -supports SMTP and is able to send emails, this is what I ended up with: - -[source,sh] ----- -#!/bin/sh -eu - -F="$1" - -rcpt="$(awk ' - match($0, /^(To|Cc|Bcc): (.*)$/, m) { - split(m[2], tos, ",") - for (i in tos) { - print "--mail-rcpt " tos[i] - } - } -' "$F")" - -if grep -qE '^From: .*<addr@server1\.org>$' "$F"; then - curl \ - -s \ - --url smtp://smtp.server1.org:587 \ - --ssl-reqd \ - --mail-from addr@server1.org \ - $rcpt \ - --user 'addr@server1.org:my-long-and-secure-passphrase' \ - --upload-file "$F" -elif grep -qE '^From: .*<addr@server2\.org>$' "$F"; then - curl \ - -s \ - --url smtp://smtp.server2.org:587 \ - --ssl-reqd \ - --mail-from addr@server2.org \ - $rcpt \ - --user 'addr@server2.org:my-long-and-secure-passphrase' \ - --upload-file "$F" -else - echo 'Bad "From: " address' - exit 1 -fi ----- - -Most of curl flags used are self-explanatory, except for `$rcpt`. - -curl connects to the SMTP server, but doesn't set the recipient address by -looking at the message. My solution was to generate the curl flags, store them -in `$rcpt` and use it unquoted to leverage shell word splitting. - -To me, the most interesting part was building the `$rcpt` flags. My first -instinct was to try grep, but it couldn't print only matches in a regex. As I -started to turn towards sed, I envisioned needing something else to loop over -the sed output, and I then moved to Awk. - -In the short Awk snippet, 3 things were new to me: the `match(...)`, -`split(...)` and `for () {}`. The only other function I have ever used was -`gsub(...)`, but these new ones felt similar enough that I could almost guess -their behaviour and arguments. `match(...)` stores the matches of a regex on -the given array positionally, and `split(...)` stores the chunks in the given -array. - -I even did it incrementally: - -[source,sh] ----- -$ H='To: to@example.com, to2@example.com\nCc: cc@example.com, cc2@example.com\nBcc: bcc@example.com,bcc2@example.com\n' -$ printf "$H" | awk '/^To: .*$/ { print $0 }' -To: to@example.com, to2@example.com -$ printf "$H" | awk 'match($0, /^To: (.*)$/, m) { print m }' -awk: ligne de commande:1: (FILENAME=- FNR=1) fatal : tentative d'utilisation du tableau « m » dans un contexte scalaire -$ printf "$H" | awk 'match($0, /^To: (.*)$/, m) { print m[0] }' -To: to@example.com, to2@example.com -$ printf "$H" | awk 'match($0, /^To: (.*)$/, m) { print m[1] }' -to@example.com, to2@example.com -$ printf "$H" | awk 'match($0, /^To: (.*)$/, m) { split(m[1], tos, " "); print tos }' -awk: ligne de commande:1: (FILENAME=- FNR=1) fatal : tentative d'utilisation du tableau « tos » dans un contexte scalaire -$ printf "$H" | awk 'match($0, /^To: (.*)$/, m) { split(m[1], tos, " "); print tos[0] }' - -$ printf "$H" | awk 'match($0, /^To: (.*)$/, m) { split(m[1], tos, " "); print tos[1] }' -to@example.com, -$ printf "$H" | awk 'match($0, /^To: (.*)$/, m) { split(m[1], tos, " "); print tos[2] }' -to2@example.com -$ printf "$H" | awk 'match($0, /^To: (.*)$/, m) { split(m[1], tos, " "); print tos[3] }' ----- - -(This isn't the verbatim interactive session, but a cleaned version to make it -more readable.) - -At this point, I realized I needed a for loop over the `tos` array, and I moved -the Awk snippet into the `~/bin/dispatch-email.sh`. I liked the final thing: - -[source,awk] ----- -match($0, /^(To|Cc|Bcc): (.*)$/, m) { - split(m[2], tos, ",") - for (i in tos) { - print "--mail-rcpt " tos[i] - } -} ----- - -As I learn more about Awk, I feel that it is too undervalued, as many people -turn to Perl or other programming languages when Awk suffices. The advantage is -pretty clear: writing programs that run on any POSIX system, without extra -dependencies required. - -Coding to the standards is underrated. diff --git a/src/content/tils/2021/01/17/posix-shebang.adoc b/src/content/tils/2021/01/17/posix-shebang.adoc deleted file mode 100644 index 5cf0695..0000000 --- a/src/content/tils/2021/01/17/posix-shebang.adoc +++ /dev/null @@ -1,58 +0,0 @@ -= POSIX sh and shebangs - -:awk-1: link:../../../2020/12/15/shellcheck-repo.html -:awk-2: link:../12/curl-awk-emails.html - -As I {awk-1}[keep moving] {awk-2}[towards POSIX], I'm on the process of -migrating all my Bash scripts to POSIX sh. - -As I dropped `[[`, arrays and other Bashisms, I was left staring at the first -line of every script, wondering what to do: what is the POSIX sh equivalent of -`#!/usr/bin/env bash`? I already knew that POSIX says nothing about shebangs, -and that the portable way to call a POSIX sh script is `sh script.sh`, but -I didn't know what to do with that first line. - -What I had previously was: - -[source,sh] ----- -#!/usr/bin/env bash -set -Eeuo pipefail -cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" ----- - -Obviously, the `$BASH_SOURCE` would be gone, and I would have to adapt some of -my scripts to not rely on the script location. The `-E` and `-o pipefail` -options were also gone, and would be replaced by nothing. - -I converted all of them to: - -[source,sh] ----- -#!/bin/sh -eu ----- - -I moved the `-eu` options to the shebang line itself, striving for conciseness. -But as I changed callers from `./script.sh` to `sh script.sh`, things started to -fail. Some tests that should fail reported errors, but didn't return 1. - -My first reaction was to revert back to `./script.sh`, but the POSIX bug I -caught is a strong strain, and when I went back to it, I figured that the -callers were missing some flags. Specifically, `sh -eu script.sh`. - -Then it clicked: when running with `sh script.sh`, the shebang line with the sh -options is ignored, as it is a comment! - -Which means that the shebang most friendly with POSIX is: - -[source,sh] ----- -#!/bin/sh -set -eu ----- - -. when running via `./script.sh`, if the system has an executable at `/bin/sh`, - it will be used to run the script; -. when running via `sh script.sh`, the sh options aren't ignored as previously. - -TIL. diff --git a/src/content/tils/2021/04/24/cl-generic-precedence.adoc b/src/content/tils/2021/04/24/cl-generic-precedence.adoc deleted file mode 100644 index 541afb0..0000000 --- a/src/content/tils/2021/04/24/cl-generic-precedence.adoc +++ /dev/null @@ -1,149 +0,0 @@ -= Common Lisp argument precedence order parameterization of a generic function - -When CLOS dispatches a method, it picks the most specific method definition to -the argument list: - -[source,lisp] ----- - -* (defgeneric a-fn (x)) -#<STANDARD-GENERIC-FUNCTION A-FN (0) {5815ACB9}> - -* (defmethod a-fn (x) :default-method) -#<STANDARD-METHOD A-FN (T) {581DB535}> - -* (defmethod a-fn ((x number)) :a-number) -#<STANDARD-METHOD A-FN (NUMBER) {58241645}> - -* (defmethod a-fn ((x (eql 1))) :number-1) -#<STANDARD-METHOD A-FN ((EQL 1)) {582A7D75}> - -* (a-fn nil) -:DEFAULT-METHOD - -* (a-fn "1") -:DEFAULT-METHOD - -* (a-fn 0) -:A-NUMBER - -* (a-fn 1) -:NUMBER-1 ----- - -CLOS uses a similar logic when choosing the method from parent classes, when -multiple ones are available: - -[source,lisp] ----- -* (defclass class-a () ()) - -#<STANDARD-CLASS CLASS-A {583E0B25}> -* (defclass class-b () ()) - -#<STANDARD-CLASS CLASS-B {583E7F6D}> -* (defgeneric another-fn (obj)) - -#<STANDARD-GENERIC-FUNCTION ANOTHER-FN (0) {583DA749}> -* (defmethod another-fn ((obj class-a)) :class-a) -; Compiling LAMBDA (.PV-CELL. .NEXT-METHOD-CALL. OBJ): -; Compiling Top-Level Form: - -#<STANDARD-METHOD ANOTHER-FN (CLASS-A) {584523C5}> -* (defmethod another-fn ((obj class-b)) :class-b) -; Compiling LAMBDA (.PV-CELL. .NEXT-METHOD-CALL. OBJ): -; Compiling Top-Level Form: - -#<STANDARD-METHOD ANOTHER-FN (CLASS-B) {584B8895}> ----- - -Given the above definitions, when inheriting from `class-a` and `class-b`, the -order of inheritance matters: - -[source,lisp] ----- -* (defclass class-a-coming-first (class-a class-b) ()) -#<STANDARD-CLASS CLASS-A-COMING-FIRST {584BE6AD}> - -* (defclass class-b-coming-first (class-b class-a) ()) -#<STANDARD-CLASS CLASS-B-COMING-FIRST {584C744D}> - -* (another-fn (make-instance 'class-a-coming-first)) -:CLASS-A - -* (another-fn (make-instance 'class-b-coming-first)) -:CLASS-B ----- - -Combining the order of inheritance with generic functions with multiple -arguments, CLOS has to make a choice of how to pick a method given two competing -definitions, and its default strategy is prioritizing from left to right: - -[source,lisp] ----- -* (defgeneric yet-another-fn (obj1 obj2)) -#<STANDARD-GENERIC-FUNCTION YET-ANOTHER-FN (0) {584D9EC9}> - -* (defmethod yet-another-fn ((obj1 class-a) obj2) :first-arg-specialized) -#<STANDARD-METHOD YET-ANOTHER-FN (CLASS-A T) {5854269D}> - -* (defmethod yet-another-fn (obj1 (obj2 class-b)) :second-arg-specialized) -#<STANDARD-METHOD YET-ANOTHER-FN (T CLASS-B) {585AAAAD}> - -* (yet-another-fn (make-instance 'class-a) (make-instance 'class-b)) -:FIRST-ARG-SPECIALIZED ----- - -CLOS has to make a choice between the first and the second definition of -`yet-another-fn`, but its choice is just a heuristic. What if we want the -choice to be based on the second argument, instead of the first? - -For that, we use the `:argument-precedence-order` option when declaring a -generic function: - -[source,lisp] ----- -* (defgeneric yet-another-fn (obj1 obj2) (:argument-precedence-order obj2 obj1)) -#<STANDARD-GENERIC-FUNCTION YET-ANOTHER-FN (2) {584D9EC9}> - -* (yet-another-fn (make-instance 'class-a) (make-instance 'class-b)) -:SECOND-ARG-SPECIALIZED ----- - -I liked that the `:argument-precedence-order` option exists. We shouldn't have -to change the arguments from `(obj1 obj2)` to `(obj2 obj1)` just to make CLOS -pick the method that we want. We can configure its default behaviour if -desired, and keep the order of arguments however it best fits the generic -function. - -== Comparison with Clojure - -Clojure has an equivalent, when using `defmulti`. - -Since when declaring a multi-method with `defmulti` we must define the dispatch -function, Clojure uses it to pick the method definition. Since the dispatch -function is required, there is no need for a default behaviour, such as -left-to-right. - -== Conclusion - -Making the argument precedence order configurable for generic functions but not -for class definitions makes a lot of sense. - -When declaring a class, we can choose the precedence order, and that is about -it. But when defining a generic function, the order of arguments is more -important to the function semantics, and the argument precedence being -left-to-right is just the default behaviour. - -One shouldn't change the order of arguments of a generic function for the sake -of tailoring it to the CLOS priority ranking algorithm, but doing it for a class -definition is just fine. - -TIL. - -== References - -:clos-wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_Common_Lisp - -. {clos-wiki}[Object-Oriented Programming in Common Lisp: A Programmer's Guide - to CLOS], by Sonja E. Keene diff --git a/src/content/tils/2021/04/24/clojure-autocurry.adoc b/src/content/tils/2021/04/24/clojure-autocurry.adoc deleted file mode 100644 index a2c2835..0000000 --- a/src/content/tils/2021/04/24/clojure-autocurry.adoc +++ /dev/null @@ -1,135 +0,0 @@ -= Clojure auto curry -:sort: 1 -:updatedat: 2021-04-27 - -:defcurry-orig: https://lorettahe.github.io/clojure/2016/09/22/clojure-auto-curry - -Here's a simple macro defined by {defcurry-orig}[Loretta He] to create Clojure -functions that are curried on all arguments, relying on Clojure's multi-arity -support: - -[source,clojure] ----- -(defmacro defcurry - [name args & body] - (let [partials (map (fn [n] - `(~(subvec args 0 n) (partial ~name ~@(take n args)))) - (range 1 (count args)))] - `(defn ~name - (~args ~@body) - ~@partials))) ----- - -A naive `add` definition, alongside its usage and macroexpansion: - -[source,clojure] ----- -user=> (defcurry add - [a b c d e] - (+ 1 2 3 4 5)) -#'user/add - -user=> (add 1) -#object[clojure.core$partial$fn__5857 0x2c708440 "clojure.core$partial$fn__5857@2c708440"] - -user=> (add 1 2 3 4) -#object[clojure.core$partial$fn__5863 0xf4c0e4e "clojure.core$partial$fn__5863@f4c0e4e"] - -user=> ((add 1) 2 3 4 5) -15 - -user=> (((add 1) 2 3) 4 5) -15 - -user=> (use 'clojure.pprint) -nil - -user=> (pprint - (macroexpand - '(defcurry add - [a b c d e] - (+ 1 2 3 4 5)))) -(def - add - (clojure.core/fn - ([a b c d e] (+ 1 2 3 4 5)) - ([a] (clojure.core/partial add a)) - ([a b] (clojure.core/partial add a b)) - ([a b c] (clojure.core/partial add a b c)) - ([a b c d] (clojure.core/partial add a b c d)))) -nil ----- - -This simplistic `defcurry` definition doesn't support optional parameters, -multi-arity, `&` rest arguments, docstrings, etc., but it could certainly evolve -to do so. - -I like how `defcurry` is so short, and abdicates the responsability of doing the -multi-arity logic to Clojure's built-in multi-arity support. Simple and -elegant. - -Same Clojure as before, now with auto-currying via macros. - -== Comparison with Common Lisp - -My attempt at writing an equivalent for Common Lisp gives me: - -[source,lisp] ----- -(defun partial (fn &rest args) - (lambda (&rest args2) - (apply fn (append args args2)))) - -(defun curry-n (n func) - (cond ((< n 0) (error "Too many arguments")) - ((zerop n) (funcall func)) - (t (lambda (&rest rest) - (curry-n (- n (length rest)) - (apply #'partial func rest)))))) - -(defmacro defcurry (name args &body body) - `(defun ,name (&rest rest) - (let ((func (lambda ,args ,@body))) - (curry-n (- ,(length args) (length rest)) - (apply #'partial func rest))))) ----- - -Without built-in multi-arity support, we have to do more work, like tracking the -number of arguments consumed so far. We also have to write `#'partial` -ourselves. That is, without dependending on any library, sticking to ANSI -Common Lisp. - -The usage is pretty similar: - -[source,lisp] ----- -* (defcurry add (a b c d e) - (+ a b c d e)) -ADD - -* (add 1) -#<FUNCTION (LAMBDA (&REST REST) :IN CURRY-N) {100216419B}> - -* (funcall (add 1) 2 3 4) -#<FUNCTION (LAMBDA (&REST REST) :IN CURRY-N) {100216537B}> - -* (funcall (add 1) 2 3 4 5) -15 - -* (funcall (funcall (add 1) 2 3) 4 5) -15 - -* (macroexpand-1 - '(defcurry add (a b c d e) - (+ a b c d e))) -(DEFUN ADD (&REST REST) - (LET ((FUNC (LAMBDA (A B C D E) (+ A B C D E)))) - (CURRY-N (- 5 (LENGTH REST)) (APPLY #'PARTIAL FUNC REST)))) -T ----- - -This also require `funcall`s, since we return a `lambda` that doesn't live in -the function namespace. - -Like the Clojure one, it doesn't support optional parameters, `&rest` rest -arguments, docstrings, etc., but it also could evolve to do so. diff --git a/src/content/tils/2021/04/24/scm-nif.adoc b/src/content/tils/2021/04/24/scm-nif.adoc deleted file mode 100644 index 2ea8a6f..0000000 --- a/src/content/tils/2021/04/24/scm-nif.adoc +++ /dev/null @@ -1,61 +0,0 @@ -= Three-way conditional for number signs on Lisp -:categories: lisp scheme common-lisp -:sort: 2 -:updatedat: 2021-08-14 - -:on-lisp: https://www.paulgraham.com/onlisptext.html -:sicp: https://mitpress.mit.edu/sites/default/files/sicp/index.html - -A useful macro from Paul Graham's {on-lisp}[On Lisp] book: - -[source,lisp] ----- -(defmacro nif (expr pos zero neg) - (let ((g (gensym))) - `(let ((,g ,expr)) - (cond ((plusp ,g) ,pos) - ((zerop ,g) ,zero) - (t ,neg))))) ----- - -After I looked at this macro, I started seeing opportunities to using it in many -places, and yet I didn't see anyone else using it. - -The latest example I can think of is section 1.3.3 of {sicp}[Structure and -Interpretation of Computer Programs], which I was reading recently: - -[source,scheme] ----- -(define (search f neg-point pos-point) - (let ((midpoint (average neg-point pos-point))) - (if (close-enough? neg-point post-point) - midpoint - (let ((test-value (f midpoint))) - (cond ((positive? test-value) - (search f neg-point midpoint)) - ((negative? test-value) - (search f midpoint pos-point)) - (else midpoint)))))) ----- - -Not that the book should introduce such macro this early, but I couldn't avoid -feeling bothered by not using the `nif` macro, which could even remove the need -for the intermediate `test-value` variable: - -[source,scheme] ----- -(define (search f neg-point pos-point) - (let ((midpoint (average neg-point pos-point))) - (if (close-enough? neg-point post-point) - midpoint - (nif (f midpoint) - (search f neg-point midpoint) - (midpoint) - (search f midpoint pos-point))))) ----- - -It also avoids `cond`'s extra clunky parentheses for grouping, which is -unnecessary but built-in. - -As a macro, I personally feel it tilts the balance towards expressivenes despite -its extra cognitive load toll. diff --git a/src/content/tils/2021/07/23/git-tls-gpg.adoc b/src/content/tils/2021/07/23/git-tls-gpg.adoc deleted file mode 100644 index f198c2b..0000000 --- a/src/content/tils/2021/07/23/git-tls-gpg.adoc +++ /dev/null @@ -1,45 +0,0 @@ -= GPG verification of Git repositories without TLS - -:empty: -:git-protocol: https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-on-the-Server-The-Protocols#_the_git_protocol -:remembering: https://euandreh.xyz/remembering/ - -For online Git repositories that use the [Git Protocol] for serving code, you -can can use GPG to handle authentication, if you have the committer's public -key. - -Here's how I'd verify that I've cloned an authentic version of -{remembering}[remembering]footnote:not-available[ - Funnily enough, not available anymore via the Git Protocol, now only with - HTTPS. -]: - -[source,sh] ----- -$ wget -qO- https://euandre.org/public.asc | gpg --import - -gpg: clef 81F90EC3CD356060 : « EuAndreh <eu@euandre.org> » n'est pas modifiée -gpg: Quantité totale traitée : 1 -gpg: non modifiées : 1 -$ pushd `mktemp -d` -$ git clone git://euandreh.xyz/remembering . -$ git verify-commit HEAD -gpg: Signature faite le dim. 27 juin 2021 16:50:21 -03 -gpg: avec la clef RSA 5BDAE9B8B2F6C6BCBB0D6CE581F90EC3CD356060 -gpg: Bonne signature de « EuAndreh <eu@euandre.org> » [ultime] ----- - -On the first line we import the public key (funnily enough, available via -HTTPS), and after cloning the code via the insecure `git://` protocol, we use -`git verify-commit` to check the signature. - -The verification is successful, and we can see that the public key from the -signature matches the fingerprint of the imported one. However -`git verify-commit` doesn't have an option to check which public key you want to -verify the commit against. Which means that if a MITM attack happens, the -attacker could very easily serve a malicious repository with signed commits, and -you'd have to verify the public key by yourself. That would need to happen for -subsequent fetches, too. - -Even though this is possible, it is not very convenient, and certainly very -brittle. Despite the fact that the Git Protocol is much faster, it being harder -to make secure is a big downside. diff --git a/src/content/tils/2021/08/11/js-bigint-reviver.adoc b/src/content/tils/2021/08/11/js-bigint-reviver.adoc deleted file mode 100644 index 98ee79b..0000000 --- a/src/content/tils/2021/08/11/js-bigint-reviver.adoc +++ /dev/null @@ -1,89 +0,0 @@ -= Encoding and decoding JavaScript BigInt values with reviver -:updatedat: 2021-08-13 - -:reviver-fn: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/JSON/parse#using_the_reviver_parameter -:bigint: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/BigInt -:json-rfc: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8259 - -`JSON.parse()` accepts a second parameter: a {reviver-fn}[`reviver()` function]. -It is a function that can be used to transform the `JSON` values as they're -being parsed. - -As it turns out, when combined with JavaScript's {bigint}[`BigInt`] type, you -can parse and encode JavaScript `BigInt` numbers via JSON: - -[source,javascript] ----- -const bigIntReviver = (_, value) => - typeof value === "string" && value.match(/^-?[0-9]+n$/) - ? BigInt(value.slice(0, value.length - 1)) - : value; ----- - -I chose to interpret strings that contains only numbers and an ending `n` -suffix as `BigInt` values, similar to how JavaScript interprets `123` (a number) -differently from `123n` (a `bigint`); - -We do those checks before constructing the `BigInt` to avoid throwing needless -exceptions and catching them on the parsing function, as this could easily -become a bottleneck when parsing large JSON values. - -In order to do the full roundtrip, we now only need the `toJSON()` counterpart: - -[source,javascript] ----- -BigInt.prototype.toJSON = function() { - return this.toString() + "n"; -}; ----- - -With both `bigIntReviver` and `toJSON` defined, we can now successfully parse -and encode JavaScript objects with `BigInt` values transparently: - -[source,javascript] ----- -const s = `[ - null, - true, - false, - -1, - 3.14, - "a string", - { "a-number": "-123" }, - { "a-bigint": "-123n" } -]`; - -const parsed = JSON.parse(s, bigIntReviver); -const s2 = JSON.stringify(parsed); - -console.log(parsed); -console.log(s2); - -console.log(typeof parsed[6]["a-number"]) -console.log(typeof parsed[7]["a-bigint"]) ----- - -The output of the above is: - -[source,javascript] ----- -[ - null, - true, - false, - -1, - 3.14, - 'a string', - { 'a-number': '-123' }, - { 'a-bigint': -123n } -] -[null,true,false,-1,3.14,"a string",{"a-number":"-123"},{"a-bigint":"-123n"}] -string -bigint ----- - -If you're on a web browser, you can probably try copying and pasting the above -code on the console right now, as is. - -Even though {json-rfc}[`JSON`] doesn't include `BigInt` number, encoding and -decoding them as strings is quite trivial on JavaScript. |