From 61ffa8466bbfa4ca8b13b442a3bd63ef9504a6da Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: EuAndreh <eu@euandre.org>
Date: Wed, 30 Apr 2025 06:23:27 -0300
Subject: src/content/en/: Unpluralize collection names

---
 .../en/tils/2021/01/12/curl-awk-emails.adoc        | 148 ---------------------
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-= Awk snippet: send email to multiple recipients with cURL
-
-:neomutt: https://neomutt.org/
-:found-out-article: https://blog.edmdesigner.com/send-email-from-linux-command-line/
-:curl: https://curl.se/
-
-As I experiment with {neomutt}[Neomutt], I wanted to keep being able to enqueue
-emails for sending later like my previous setup, so that I didn't rely on having
-an internet connection.
-
-My requirements for the `sendmail` command were:
-
-. store the email in a file, and send it later;
-. send from different addresses, using different SMTP servers.
-
-I couldn't find an MTA that could accomplish that, but I was able to quickly
-write a solution.
-
-The first part was the easiest: store the email in a file:
-
-[source,sh]
-----
-# ~/.config/mutt/muttrc:
-set sendmail=~/bin/enqueue-email.sh
-
-# ~/bin/enqueue-email.sh:
-#!/bin/sh -eu
-
-cat - > "$HOME/mbsync/my-queued-emails/$(date -Is)"
-----
-
-Now that I had the email file store locally, I needed a program to send the
-email from the file, so that I could create a cronjob like:
-
-[source,sh]
-----
-for f in ~/mbsync/my-queued-emails/*; do
-  ~/bin/dispatch-email.sh "$f" && rm "$f"
-done
-----
-
-The `dispatch-email.sh` would have to look at the `From:` header and decide
-which SMTP server to use.  As I {found-out-article}[found out] that {curl}[curl]
-supports SMTP and is able to send emails, this is what I ended up with:
-
-[source,sh]
-----
-#!/bin/sh -eu
-
-F="$1"
-
-rcpt="$(awk '
-  match($0, /^(To|Cc|Bcc): (.*)$/, m) {
-    split(m[2], tos, ",")
-    for (i in tos) {
-      print "--mail-rcpt " tos[i]
-    }
-  }
-'  "$F")"
-
-if grep -qE '^From: .*<addr@server1\.org>$' "$F"; then
-  curl                                                      \
-    -s                                                      \
-    --url smtp://smtp.server1.org:587                       \
-    --ssl-reqd                                              \
-    --mail-from addr@server1.org                            \
-    $rcpt                                                   \
-    --user 'addr@server1.org:my-long-and-secure-passphrase' \
-    --upload-file "$F"
-elif grep -qE '^From: .*<addr@server2\.org>$' "$F"; then
-  curl                                                      \
-    -s                                                      \
-    --url smtp://smtp.server2.org:587                       \
-    --ssl-reqd                                              \
-    --mail-from addr@server2.org                            \
-    $rcpt                                                   \
-    --user 'addr@server2.org:my-long-and-secure-passphrase' \
-    --upload-file "$F"
-else
-  echo 'Bad "From: " address'
-  exit 1
-fi
-----
-
-Most of curl flags used are self-explanatory, except for `$rcpt`.
-
-curl connects to the SMTP server, but doesn't set the recipient address by
-looking at the message.  My solution was to generate the curl flags, store them
-in `$rcpt` and use it unquoted to leverage shell word splitting.
-
-To me, the most interesting part was building the `$rcpt` flags.  My first
-instinct was to try grep, but it couldn't print only matches in a regex.  As I
-started to turn towards sed, I envisioned needing something else to loop over
-the sed output, and I then moved to Awk.
-
-In the short Awk snippet, 3 things were new to me: the `match(...)`,
-`split(...)` and `for () {}`.  The only other function I have ever used was
-`gsub(...)`, but these new ones felt similar enough that I could almost guess
-their behaviour and arguments.  `match(...)` stores the matches of a regex on
-the given array positionally, and `split(...)` stores the chunks in the given
-array.
-
-I even did it incrementally:
-
-[source,sh]
-----
-$ H='To: to@example.com, to2@example.com\nCc: cc@example.com, cc2@example.com\nBcc: bcc@example.com,bcc2@example.com\n'
-$ printf "$H" | awk '/^To: .*$/ { print $0 }'
-To: to@example.com, to2@example.com
-$ printf "$H" | awk 'match($0, /^To: (.*)$/, m) { print m }'
-awk: ligne de commande:1: (FILENAME=- FNR=1) fatal : tentative d'utilisation du tableau « m » dans un contexte scalaire
-$ printf "$H" | awk 'match($0, /^To: (.*)$/, m) { print m[0] }'
-To: to@example.com, to2@example.com
-$ printf "$H" | awk 'match($0, /^To: (.*)$/, m) { print m[1] }'
-to@example.com, to2@example.com
-$ printf "$H" | awk 'match($0, /^To: (.*)$/, m) { split(m[1], tos, " "); print tos }'
-awk: ligne de commande:1: (FILENAME=- FNR=1) fatal : tentative d'utilisation du tableau « tos » dans un contexte scalaire
-$ printf "$H" | awk 'match($0, /^To: (.*)$/, m) { split(m[1], tos, " "); print tos[0] }'
-
-$ printf "$H" | awk 'match($0, /^To: (.*)$/, m) { split(m[1], tos, " "); print tos[1] }'
-to@example.com,
-$ printf "$H" | awk 'match($0, /^To: (.*)$/, m) { split(m[1], tos, " "); print tos[2] }'
-to2@example.com
-$ printf "$H" | awk 'match($0, /^To: (.*)$/, m) { split(m[1], tos, " "); print tos[3] }'
-----
-
-(This isn't the verbatim interactive session, but a cleaned version to make it
-more readable.)
-
-At this point, I realized I needed a for loop over the `tos` array, and I moved
-the Awk snippet into the `~/bin/dispatch-email.sh`.  I liked the final thing:
-
-[source,awk]
-----
-match($0, /^(To|Cc|Bcc): (.*)$/, m) {
-  split(m[2], tos, ",")
-  for (i in tos) {
-    print "--mail-rcpt " tos[i]
-  }
-}
-----
-
-As I learn more about Awk, I feel that it is too undervalued, as many people
-turn to Perl or other programming languages when Awk suffices.  The advantage is
-pretty clear: writing programs that run on any POSIX system, without extra
-dependencies required.
-
-Coding to the standards is underrated.
-- 
cgit v1.2.3

